Gastrointestinal Disorders Case Study
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Gastrointestinal Disorders Case Study
Gastroenteritis
One of the most simple and probable diagnoses in this clinical case is gastroenteritis of any etiology. This inflammation of the mucous membrane of the upper gastrointestinal tract (the stomach and the small intestine) is due to pathological effects of microorganisms, for example, such virusesas Rotavirus or such bacteriaas Escherichia or Salmonella (Schierenberg, Bruijning-Verhagen, van Delft, Bonten, & de Wit, 2018).It is the most common cause of this pathology.
To confirm the diagnosis, it is important to collect epidemiological history and learn about similar cases in the immediate environment of the patient. If there is the history of using unusual food, another possible option may be the development of food allergies (it is necessary to assess the level of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E). Also, given the use of glucocorticoids (Prednisone in a dose of 10 mg daily), it is also important to consider the likelihood of drug-induced gastroenteritis, as one of the adverse reactions to this drug. Regardless of the etiology, clinical manifestations fit into the picture presented in this clinical case.
Treatment tactics should be determined after additional examinations (bacteriological, virologicaland allergological tests). If there is gastroenteritis of viral etiology, then it is only necessary to correct the water-electrolyte balance (adequate hydration). It is possible to use silica-based sorbents at a dose of 1000 mg twice daily (Arcangelo, Peterson, Wilbur, & Reinhold, 2017). In case of more serious bacterial infections, it is necessary to consider administering antibiotics (for example, chloramphenicol at a dose of 500 mg twice daily, to which only 0.6% of these microorganisms are resistant), but only in the case of a severe clinical course (Schierenberg et al., 2018). This drug does not interact with the therapy previously prescribed to the patient. In most cases, it is possible to limit treatment to the same measures as for the viral genesis of the disease. In case of allergic etiology, it is necessary to avoid the use of a product that is a trigger, since life-threatening allergic reactions that may develop will require immediate medical attention (Lucendo, Serrano-Montalbán, Arias, Redondo, & Tenias, 2015). In case of a suspicion of a side effect from the use of steroid hormones, it is possible to gradually reduce the dose of the drug, but taking into account the severity of the underlying disease for which it has beenprescribed.
References
Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (2017).Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Amber, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Lucendo, A. J., Serrano-Montalbán, B., Arias, A., Redondo, O., & Tenias, J. M. (2015).Efficacy of dietary treatment for inducing disease remission in eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 61(1), 56-64. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000766
Schierenberg, A., Bruijning-Verhagen, P. C. J., van Delft, S., Bonten, M. J. M., & de Wit, N. J. (2018). Antibiotic treatment of gastroenteritis in primary care. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 74(1), 207-213. doi: 10.1017/S095026881800287X