Ratio of Capitalized Development Costs
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Ratio of Capitalized Development Costs
3Proposed by the Board of Management.
BMW in Figures 201340
‘Research and development expenditure for the year rose by 21.3 % to € 4,792 million, mostly for projects aimed at securing the Group’s future business (2012: € 3,952 million). The research and development ratio were 6.3 %, 1.2 percentage points higher than in the previous year (2012: 5.1 %).
The ratio of capitalized development costs to total research and development costs for the period (capitalisation ratio) was 36.4 % (2012: 27.6 %). Amortisation of capitalised development costs totalled € 1,069 million (2012: € 1,130 million). Further information on research and development expenditure is provided in the section Results of Operations, Financial Position and Net Assets and in note 10 to the Group Financial Statements.
Total research and development expenditure, comprising research costs, development costs not recognised as assets on the one hand and capitalised development costs excluding the scheduled amortisation thereof on the other, was as follows:’
in € million 2013 2012
Research and development expenses 4,117 3,993
Amortisation 21,069 21,130
New expenditure for capitalized development costs 1,744 1,089
Total research and development expenditure 4,792 3,952
BMW Research and Development 201341
33838_case03_ptg01.indd 55 4/5/19 12:17 PM
Part 4: Case StudiesC-56
Exhibit 5 Patents by Most Frequent All Original Assignees & Most Frequent Filing Location
Most Frequent Original Company Assignee
■ Google Inc ■ Gm Global Technology Operations Inc ■ Gen Motors Global Operation Technology ■ Daimler Ag ■ Hyundai Motor Co Ltd ■ Electronics & Telecom Res Inst ■ Valeo Schalter & Sensoren Gmbh ■ Siemens Ag ■ Bosch Gmbh Robert
Most Frequent Original Filling Location
United States of America World Intellectual Property Organization Germany China Republic of Korea Japan European Patent Office United Kingdom Taiwan
Exhibit 4 Google Car
Google driving to be driverless
Laser-guided mapping
Video camera
Position estimator
A rotating sensor with lasers called a LIDAR on the roof scans more than 200 feet in all directions to generate a precise three- dimensional map of the car’s surroundings.
A camera mounted near the rear-view mirror detects traffic lights and helps the car’s onboard computers recognize moving obstacles- such as pedestrians and bicyclists.
A sensor mounted on the left rear wheel measures small movements made by the car and helps to accurately locate its position on the map.
Google’s modified Toyota Prius uses an array of sensors to navigate public roads without a human driver. Other components, not shown, include a GPS receiver and an inertial motion sensor.
Four standard automotive radar sensors, three in front and one in the rear, help determine the positions of distant objects.
Radar
Source: The New York Times
33838_case03_ptg01.indd 56 4/5/19 12:17 PM
Case 3: Future of the Autonomous Automobile: A Strategy for BMW C-57
N O T E S 1. Abhimanyu Ghoshal, BMW will launch its
first self-driving car in 2021, The Next Web Retrieved from http://thenextweb.com /gadgets/2016/05/13/bmw-will-launch -first-self-driving-car-2021/
- Rory Buckeridge, Audi promises driveless cars by 2016, Techradar, November 18th 3014, Retrieved from http://www.techradar.com /news/car-tech/audi-promises-driv %20erless-cars-by-2016-1273437
- Rory Buckeridge, Driverless cars within two years? Not a chance, says Volvo top bod, Techradar, December 6th 2014, Retrieved from http://www.techradar.com/us/news /car-tech/driverless-cars-within-two-years -not-a-chance-says-volvo-top-bod-1275805
- James Mills, Ford says fully autonomous cars may never be possible, The Sunday Times, July 25th 2014, Retrieved from http://www .driving.co.uk/news/exclusive-ford-says -fully-autonomous-cars-may-never-be-po
- Statista.com, Most Valuable automotive brands worldwide by Retrieved from http://www .statista.com/statistics/267830/brand-values -of-the-top-10-most-valuable-car-brands/
- Autoblog, BMW i8 named Autobolg’s 2014 Tecnology of the Year, November 19th 2014, Retrieved from http://www.autoblog .com/2014/11/19/bmw-i8-named-autoblogs -2014-technology-of-the-year/
- BMW.com, Retrieved from http://www .bmw.com/com/en/insights/corporation /bmwi/sustainability.html
- World Car Awards, BMW i8 wins 2015 world green car award, 2017 Press Release World Car Awards, Retrieved from http:// www.wcoty.com/web/media_release .asp?release=100&
- Sebastian Blanco, BMW i3 wins 2015 Green Car of the Year award, AutoBlog, November 20th 2014, Retrieved from http://www .autoblog.com/2014/11/20/bmw-i3-wins -2015-green-car-of-the-year-award/
- Paul Eisenstein, Nissan ramps up push into self-driving vehicles, CNBC, Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/id/101846396
- Morgan Stanley, Autonomous Cars: the Future is Now, January 23rd 2015, Retrieved from http://www.morganstanley.com /public/11152013.html
- Intel, Technology and Computing Requirements for Self-Driving Cars, Intel Corporation 2014, Retrieved from http://www .intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us /en/documents/white-papers/automotive -autonomous-driving-vision-paper.pdf
- Two innovative companies include Rigetti http://www.rigetti.com/ and Dwavesys http://www.dwavesys.com/
- Stephen McBride, Google to build quantum computer, ITP.net, September 3rd 2014, Retrieved from http://www.itp.net/599671 -google-to-build-quantum-computer
- Dave Lee, CES 2014: BMW shows off ‘drifting’ self-drive cars, BBC News, January 8th 2014,
Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com /news/technology-25653253
- Bruce Upbin, Let’s go for a ride with Audi’s self-driving car, Forbes, January 8th 2014, Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites /bruceupbin/2014/01/08/lets-go-for-a-ride-in -traffic-with-audis-self-driving-car-video/
- The Tesla Motors Team, Dual Motor Model S and Autopilot, October 10th 2014,Retrieved from http://www.teslamotors.com/blog /dual-motor-model-s-and-autopilot
- Andrew Hawkins, GM is investing $500M in Lyft, The Verge, January 4th 2016 Retrieved from http://www.theverge .com/2016/1/4/10706250/gm-lyft-driverless -cars-ride-sharing-investment
- Rory Buckeridge, Driverless cars in two years?, T3, December 5th 2014, Retrieved from, http://www.t3.com/news/driverless-cars -in-two-years-bulls-t-says-volvo-man-as -he-launches-car-into-a-ditch
- Max Chafkin. Uber’s Self-Driving Fleet Arrives in Pittsburg Next Month. Bloomberg Features. August 18th, 2016. Retrieved from http://www .bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-08-18 /uber-s-first-self-driving-fleet-arrives-in -pittsburgh-this-month-is06r7on
- James Mills Exclusive: Ford Says Fully Autonomous Cars May Never Be Possible, The Sunday Times, July 25th 2014, Retrieved from http://www.driving.co.uk/news/exclusive -ford-says-fully-autonomous-cars-may-never -be-possible/
- Ford Tripling Autonomous Vehicle Development Fleet, Accelerating On-Road Testing of Software and Sensors. Ford Motor Company Media Center. January 5, 2016. Retrieved at https:// media.ford.com/content/fordmedia /fna/us/en/news/2016/01/05/ford-tripling -autonomous-vehicle-development -fleet–accelerating.html
- Google Self-Driving Cars Project, Retrieved from https://www.google .com/selfdrivingcar/
- Peter Valdes-Dapena, Toyota reveals self- driving car, CNN Money, January 7th 2013, Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com /2013/01/04/autos/toyota-self-driving-cars/
- Google Self-Driving Cars Project, Retrieved from https://plus.google.com/+SelfDrivingCar /posts/cwvk4uan3bM
- Richard Alleyne, British researches on the road to an affordable self-driving car, The Telegraph February 15th 2013, Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/motoring /news/9871743/British-researchers-on-the -road-to-an-affordable-self-driving-car.html
- Sid Perkins, Teens take home science gold at Intel ISEF, Science News, May 20th 2013, Retrieved from https://www.sciencenews .org/blog/scene/teens-take-home-science -gold-intel-isef
- Y Combinator, For $10,000, your car can drive itself, Blog Y Combinator, June 24th 2014 Retrieved from http://blog.ycombinator.
com/for-10-dollars-000-your-car-can-drive -itself-cruise-yc-w14
- James Etheridge, 25% more carspowered by HERE in 2014, HERE Website, Retrieved from http://360.here.com/2014/07/24/25-cars -powered-by-here-2014/
- Sarwant Singh, HERE Acquisition by the Germans: Open innovation on the cards, Forbes, August 5th 2015, Retrieved from http://www .forbes.com/sites/sarwantsingh/2015/08/05 /here-acquisition-by-the-germans-opens -innovation-on-the-cards/#a0b10744210d
- Robert Hackett, Singapore is getting driverless Taxi Cabs, Fortune, April 5th 2016, Retrieved from http://fortune.com/2016/04/05 /singapore-driverless-car-taxi-nutonomy/
- Statista.com, Cars sales in China from 2008 to 2016, Retrieved from http://www.statista .com/statistics/233743/vehicle-sales-in-china/
- Samuel Shen, Kazunori Takada, Matt Driskill, China edges out U.S. as BMW’s biggest market on 2013 sales, UK Reuters, January 10th 2014, Retrieved from http://uk.reuters .com/article/2014/01/10/uk-bmw-china -idUKBREA090AI20140110
- Jeff Youngs, 2013 U.S Automotive Emerging Technologies Study Results, J.D. Power, April 26th 2013, Retrieved from http:// autos.jdpower.com/content/study-auto /f85EfAp/2013-u-s-automotive-emerging -technologies-study-results.htm
- Brad Plumer, Here’s what it would take for self- driving cars to catch on, The Washington Post, October 23rd 2013, Retrieved from http:// www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog /wp/2013/10/23/heres-what-it-would-take -for-self-driving-cars-to-catch-on/
- Stian Westlake Self-driving cars: a10M punt that could transform the UK, Nesta, December 4th 2013, Retrieved from http:// www.nesta.org.uk/blog/self-driving -cars-ps10m-punt-could-transform -uk?gclid=CNvtwIq_xcECFfHKtAodXhwAgA
- Maggie Clark, States take the wheel on driverless cars, USA TODAT, July 29th 2013, Retrieved from http://www.usatoday .com/story/news/nation/2013/07/29/states -driverless-cars/2595613/
- Brad Plumer, Here’s what it would take for self- driving cars to catch on, The Washington Post, October 23rd 2013, Retrieved from http:// www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog /wp/2013/10/23/heres-what-it-would-take -for-self-driving-cars-to-catch-on/
- BMW, Annual Report 2013, Retrieved from https://www.bmwgroup.com/content /dam/bmw-group-websites/bmwgroup _com/ir/downloads/en/2013/report2013.pdf
- BMW, Annual Report 2013, Retrieved from https://www.bmwgroup.com/content /dam/bmw-group-websites/bmwgroup _com/ir/downloads/en/2013/report2013.pdf
- BMW, Annual Report 2013, Retrieved from https://www.bmwgroup.com/content /dam/bmw-group-websites/bmwgroup _com/ir/downloads/en/2013/report2013.pdf
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RUBRIC
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Excellent Quality
95-100%
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Introduction
45-41 points
The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Literature Support
91-84 points
The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.
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Methodology
58-53 points
Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
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Average Score
50-85%
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40-38 points
More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.
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83-76 points
Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.
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52-49 points
Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
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Poor Quality
0-45%
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37-1 points
The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.
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75-1 points
Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.
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48-1 points
There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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