Human Book Ch 1 to 14 Essay Project Questions

Human Book Ch 1 to 14 Essay Project Questions

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Human Book Ch 1 to 14 Essay Project Questions

Study Guide 1 For “Almost Human”, Prologue And Part 1 (Pages 11-104)

Prologue

What is the name of the main author of the book?

In what country does he live and work?

Who found the fossils that would go on to change the author’s life?

Chapt. 1

What did the author find on his farm when he was a child that first sparked his interest in the past?

The author’s first attempt at college ended in failure. What was his initial major?

Chapt. 2

What job did the author land at a local TV station?

What were a couple of things that the author did or encountered that made him decide on a career in searching for and analyzing fossils?

What opportunity gave him his first real experience in paleoanthropology? What did he find that had him “hooked”?

Chapt. 3

What did Raymond Dart find embedded in limestone rocks that would eventually shift the belief in the minds of paleoanthropologists that hominin origins were from Africa? What did Dart name this species?

How did the finds from Sterkfontein aid Dart’s and his colleague Robert Broom’s claims? What were they, and how did the anatomy of these specimens’ reveal their ties to the hominin line of evolution?

In which country did all of this take place?

Chapt. 4

Who were the Leakeys and where did they work? What did they find there? What was the age of these discoveries?

What was found at the Lake Turkana site?

What was found by Donald Johanson in Ethiopia (specifically Hadar)?

What did all of these finds mean for where the search for more hominin fossils should take place?

Chapt. 5

Approximately when did the hominin and ape line split? How is this known?

What did Ardipithecus look like?

How are Australopithecus and Paranthropus similar to modern humans? How do they differ?

How did Homo erectus differ from Australopithecus?

When and from which continent did modern humans evolve?

Chapt. 6

How does the author think his generation’s approach to science differs from that of the previous generation’s approach?

What was the Atlas project? How has this technique been made obsolete by Google Earth? What results did the project yield?

Chapt. 7

What was Tim White’s prediction about the field of paleoanthropology?

Why did the author have a falling out with Ron Clarke? How was this dispute settled by the university’s administrators?

Chapt. 8

What was the scientific name given to the hominin that was discovered on Flores Island, Indonesia? What was so unique about this species? What was the controversy that developed concerning access to the bones?

What did the author see on his vacation that prompted him to put together a team to investigate it further? Where was this located?

How did the author’s eventual publication of his finds lead to yet more controversy?

Chapt. 9

When he initially examined the rock with the fossil hominin remains back at his university (Wits), Berger was able to tell that is was a young individual when it died. How did he know this?

What is the process known as ‘preparation’? What is an ‘air scribe’ used for?

What did Berger find upon his return to the pit where the original specimens were discovered?

Chapter 10

What does “Malapa” mean?

What mistake did the author realize that he had made when Charlton began work on the block of breccia with the humerus and skeleton?

What was the emerging trend in paleoanthropology concerning the time between when a fossil hominin specimen was discovered and when the analyses were published?

After he realized the full scope of his findings, what actions did Berger take to continue the project and begin the analyses?

Chapt. 11

So did the author and his colleagues determine that the fossils were from the genus Homo or Australopithecus? What portion of the skeleton was missing at this point that would help them make this determination?

Chapt. 12

In addition to the section of the juvenile humerus, what else was recovered from the limestone block that Berger found on his last visit to the Malapa site?

How did Berger’s wife contribute to this determination?

Why was it difficult to decide if it was Homo or Australopithecus?

Approximately how old were the remains determined to be?

Chapt. 13

Why did Berger and his colleagues decide that the new Malapa species belonged to Australopithecus and not Homo? In other words, which traits proved convincing to them?

Chapt. 14

What does “sediba” mean?

What does Berger mean when he says that “… we don’t know how old sediba might be; we only knew how old the Malapa skeletons were.”?

What is Berger’s attitude when it comes to allowing other scientists access to the fossils under his care?

RUBRIC
Excellent Quality 95-100%	Introduction 45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.		Literature Support 91-84  points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.			Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
Average Score 50-85%	40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.		83-76  points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.			52-49  points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
Poor Quality 0-45%	37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.		75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.			48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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