The Moral Theories Utilitarianism Deontology and Virtue Ethics Essay solution

August 26, 2022

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Instructions:

The Moral Theories Utilitarianism Deontology and Virtue Ethics Essay solution

Respond to one of these prompts and be clear about which one you are referring to:

PROMPT #1: MORAL THEORIES. Which of the three moral theories discussed in lecture — utilitarianism (Mill), deontology (Kant), and virtue ethics (Aristotle) — do you support? Explain your answer. Could these theories be combined?

PROMPT #2: TECHNOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTALISM. Kevin Kelly (founder of Wired magazine) claims that no technology is ever completely out of bounds. Having a new technology is always an unalloyed good. It is always better to have a new technology at our disposal and simply seek to manage it properly. Do you agree with Kevin Kelly? Explain your answer.

PROMPT #3: RISK ASSESSMENT. “Cost-benefit analysis is designed as a method of quantification, so it surely is better able to deal with more quantifiable aspects of the issues it confronts. But this limitation is in itself ethically neutral unless it can be shown that the quantifiable considerations systematically push decisions in a particular direction.

Its detractors must show that the errors of cost-benefit analysis are systematically unjust or ineffective – for example, that it frequently helps the rich at the expense of the poor, or despoils the environment to the benefit of industry, or vice versa.” (Leonard & Zeckhauser 1983: 8). Do you agree with this position? Explain your answer.

Student 1: Prompt 1: Moral Theories

When it comes to the three moral theories, I think they are all severely flawed. If I had to pick one between all of the three, I would pick virtue ethics because it is not as rigid as the other two. Plus, it allows you to access the situation and make adjustments on the fly. I don’t like utilitarianism because in the end it promotes the greatest happiness for the most people.

This means that sometimes this could be at the expense of the minority population. An example would be the Myanmar Rohingya situation. According to a utilitarian killing the Muslim minority Rohingya and taking away their homes is in the best interest in promoting the greatest happiness in the Buddhist majority country, so therefore it is ok to do since the rest of the population would benefit.

Kant’s categorical imperative does sound good and is close to the golden rule. One problem is that it is too rigid. One example states that you must never lie no matter what. This is a big deal because in some situations it is better to lie. A better example on when it is ok to lie that doesn’t involve life or death at least in some cases is lying because some people can’t handle the truth.

Let’s say for instance that your significant other asks you if they look fat. Well according to Kant you must not tell a lie. This means pretty soon you won’t have a significant other much longer. Another flaw in Kant’s moral theory, and I’m pretty sure PETA will agree with me is his treatment of animals.

Aristotle had a list of problems with his moral theories and ideology overall if we judge him to today’s standards, such as owning slaves and being a misogynist. The best thing to do when it comes to the moral theories, as painstaking and time consuming as it may be is to access the situation first and use an amalgamation of sorts.

Student 2: PROMPT 1: MORAL THEORIES

Among the three moral theories, I support most on utilitarianism. It considers the moral goodness of decision-making or action by positioning its moral superiority in human feelings to bring greater happiness and happiness to most people. People can make decisions based on what will benefit the majority.

However, utilitarianism has some negative impacts and consequences. Decision-makers are forced to guess the potential outcome of their choices, rather than looking at the preferences or actions themselves, to determine ethics. All moral theories are ethical philosophies that describe the morality of an action or a decision.

The Moral Theories Utilitarianism Deontology and Virtue Ethics Essay

RUBRIC

Excellent Quality

95-100%

Introduction

45-41 points

The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.

Literature Support

91-84 points

The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.

Methodology

58-53 points

Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.

Average Score

50-85%

40-38 points

More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.

83-76 points

Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.

52-49 points

Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.

Poor Quality

0-45%

37-1 points

The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.

75-1 points

Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.

48-1 points

There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met