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The Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation Assignment
Q-1
The Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation Assignment
The preoperative cardiac evaluation must be carefully tailored to the circumstances that have prompted the consultation and to the nature of the surgical illness as opposed to urgent or elective cases. Successful perioperative evaluation and treatment of cardiac patients undergoing noncardiac surgery requires careful teamwork and communication between the patient, primary care physician, anesthesiologist, consultant, and surgeon. In general, indications for further cardiac testing and treatments are the same as those in the nonoperative setting, but their timing is dependent on such factors as the urgency of surgery, the patients risk factors, and specific surgical considerations. Coronary revascularization before surgery to enable the patient to get through the procedure is appropriate only for a small subset of patients at very high risk. Preoperative testing should be limited to circumstances in which the results will affect patient treatment and outcomes (Sklyar & Bella, 2017).
For example, a patient will uncontrolled hypertension should be controlled before surgery. In many such instances, establishment of an effective regimen can be achieved over several days to weeks of preoperative outpatient treatment. If surgery is more urgent, rapid-acting agents can be administered that allow effective control in a matter of minutes or hours. Beta-blockers appear to be particularly attractive agents. Continuation of preoperative antihypertensive treatment through the perioperative period is critical. Specific recommendations for supplemental preoperative evaluation must be individualized to each patient and circumstance. The following may be appropriate in more situations: assessment of resting left ventricular function, exercise stress testing, pharmacological stress testing, ambulatory ECG monitoring, and coronary angiography (Caplan & Yu, 2018).
Caplan, J., & Yu, W. (2018). Preoperative cardiac evaluation of patients uncontrolled HTN. American journal of Cardiology (Belle Mead, N.J.), 37(1), 3236.
Sklyar, E., & Bella, J. N. (2017). Cardiac Evaluation and Monitoring of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Health services insights, 9, 1178632916686074. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178632916686074
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Excellent Quality 95-100%
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Introduction
45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Literature Support 91-84 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met. |
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Average Score 50-85% |
40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided. |
83-76 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration. |
52-49 points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met. |
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Poor Quality 0-45% |
37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided. |
75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration. |
48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met |
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The Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation Assignment