Backup and Recovery in DBMS
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Backup and Recovery in DBMS
Backup and recovery are critical functions in database management systems (DBMS). A backup is a copy of the data that can be used to restore the original data in the event of a system failure or other data loss. Recovery refers to the process of restoring the database from a backup.
There are two types of backups: full backups and incremental backups. A full backup is a complete copy of the entire database. An incremental backup is a backup of only the changes made since the last backup. Full backups take longer to perform but are simpler to recover from, while incremental backups are faster but require more complex recovery procedures.
There are several methods for performing backups, including offline backups, online backups, and hot backups. Offline backups involve shutting down the database system and copying the data to a backup storage device. Online backups are performed while the database is still running, but they may cause some performance issues. Hot backups are a type of online backup that uses special techniques to avoid performance issues.
Recovery procedures depend on the type of backup used. In general, recovery involves restoring the database from the most recent backup and then applying any changes made since the backup was taken. This process can be automated using backup and recovery software.
DBMS also provide various recovery techniques, such as rollback and rollforward recovery. Rollback recovery involves undoing the effects of any incomplete transactions that were active when the failure occurred. Rollforward recovery involves redoing any completed transactions that were not saved in the backup.
DBMS may also include features such as log files and checkpoints to aid in recovery. Log files record all database changes, allowing for incremental recovery. Checkpoints are markers that indicate a stable point in the database, allowing for faster recovery.
In summary, backup and recovery are critical functions in DBMS that ensure the integrity and availability of data. A backup is a copy of the data that can be used to restore the database in the event of data loss, while recovery involves restoring the database from a backup and applying any changes made since the backup was taken. There are various backup methods and recovery techniques, including full and incremental backups, rollback and rollforward recovery, log files, and checkpoints.
Backup and Recovery in DBMS
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