Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Discussion
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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Discussion
OVERVIEW
This week we learnt about central dogma of gene expression: one geneone protein hypothesis, which means oneGene makes one protein (Polypeptide). This is two-step process, in the first step genetic code stored in DNA transcribed
into RNA. In the second steps message transcribed in RNA is translated into amino acids by Ribosomes. The rules for
translation of the coded message into amino acids are contained in the genetic code. This chain of events is full of
glitches in the form of errors in both the incorporation of nucleotides into RNA and amino acid incorporation in proteins.
Errors in protein synthesis disrupt cellular fitness, cause disease phenotypes, and shape gene and genome evolution.
Gene editing may help to repair errors.
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The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has gone to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna for the development
of a method for genome editing. That method, formally known as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing but often called simply CRISPR, allows scientists to precisely cut any strand of DNA they wish and repair it. Thus, the new gene-editing tool
CRISPR can make heritable changes in human embryos. Good part of CRISPR is that it may give us the cure to HIV,
genetic diseases, and some cancers, and will help address the worlds hunger crisis. Yet even the most minuscule
changes to DNA could have numerous unexpected ethical and societal consequences and may even have unimaginable
power to control evolution.
Watch the video and read the suggested reference to answer the following questions:
o What does CRISPR stand for?
o Which type of organisms harbor/contain this system? And what is the CRISPR-Cas9 system function in those
organisms?
o For medical applications, provide a guide how the CRISPR-Cas9 can be used to fix gene errors in cystic fibrosis or any
other genetic disorders. (use the video and reference listed below).
o Basic mechanism of evolution is gene mutation. Discuss how CRISPR can control evolution process?
o Gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 is not without ethical dilemma, can you provide an example where the clinical application of CRISPR-Cas9 can lead to ethical issues? Provide one example.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Discussion
RUBRIC
Excellent Quality
95-100%
Introduction 45-41 points
The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.
Literature Support
91-84 points
The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned.
Methodology
58-53 points
Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met.
Average Score
50-85%
40-38 points
More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided.
83-76 points
Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration.
52-49 points
Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met.
Poor Quality
0-45%
37-1 points
The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided.
75-1 points
Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration.
48-1 points
There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met
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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Discussion