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Instructions:
Conflict Between Native Indian Nations and US Government
“We did not give our country to you; you stole
“We did not give our country to you; you stole it. You come here to tell lies; when you go home, take them with you.” ―Sitting Bull
Since the fifteenth century, conflict has “colored” relations between the indigenous people of the Americas – American Indians – and the European settlers who immigrated to North America. After the colonies declared independence from England in 1776, leaders of the U.S attempted to either assimilate or eliminate America’s original inhabitants. By the end of the nineteenth century, most Indians had either died of disease or were killed by U.S. soldiers while attempting to defend their homeland. The federal government forced the relatively few remaining Indians to relocate to remote and undesirable areas of land in the West called reservations.
How exactly did the federal government expel American Indians from their own lands? Beginning in the late eighteenth century, the U.S. government negotiated (and violated) hundreds of treaties between various American Indian nations, with the ultimate goal of taking over American Indian territory.
In 1868 the U.S. signed the Treaty of Fort Laramie with the Sioux Nation, which stipulated the reservation of the Black Hills for use only by the Sioux, thus “officially” recognizing the Black Hills―sacred land to the Sioux―as part of the Great Sioux Reservation. Shortly thereafter, in 1874, American miners began searching for gold in the Black Hills, which violated the Treaty of Fort Laramie. Upon discovery of this coveted resource, more miners swiftly moved into the Black Hills. Within a few years, the U.S. government broke its promise to the Sioux, by sending the U.S. Army to the Black Hills to secure the territory for American miners.
The U.S. officially confiscated the land in 1877. Approximately one century later, in U.S. v. Sioux Nation of Indians (Links to an external site.)(1980), the Supreme Court ruled that “just compensation to the Sioux Nation, and that obligation, including an award of interest, must now, at last, be paid.” However, the Sioux refused to accept the money; they want nothing less, and nothing more than the return of their sacred land.
With the support of the U.S. Senate and national funding, in 1927, American sculptor Gupton Borglum began designing what would become the Mount Rushmore National Monument, or Mount Rushmore, a sculpture of the heads of Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt. Measuring approximately sixty feet per head, the likenesses of these former U.S. Presidents were carved into rock located within the Black Hills of South Dakota over a period of ca. fifteen years. Unsurprisingly, the sculpture became controversial given its location in contested land.
Mount Rushmore National Memorial, Black Hills, South Dakota
QUESTIONS:
RUBRIC |
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Excellent Quality 95-100%
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Introduction
45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Literature Support 91-84 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met. |
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Average Score 50-85% |
40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided. |
83-76 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration. |
52-49 points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met. |
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Poor Quality 0-45% |
37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided. |
75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration. |
48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met |
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Conflict Between Native Indian Nations and US Government |
Conflict Between Native Indian Nations and US Government