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Relationship Between Implicit Body Representations and Real Body Measurements
Vol.:(0123456789)
Scientific Reports | (2021) 11:14451 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93865-7
www.nature.com/scientificreports
Use of a real‑life practical context changes the relationship between implicit body representations and real body measurements Lize De Coster1*, Pablo Sánchez‑Herrero2, Jorge López‑Moreno2,3 & Ana Tajadura‑Jiménez1
A mismatch exists between people’s mental representations of their own body and their real body measurements, which may impact general well‑being and health. We investigated whether this mismatch is reduced when contextualizing body size estimation in a real‑life scenario. Using a reverse correlation paradigm, we constructed unbiased, data‑driven visual depictions of participants’ implicit body representations.
Across three conditions—own abstract, ideal, and own concrete body— participants selected the body that looked most like their own, like the body they would like to have, or like the body they would use for online shopping. In the own concrete condition only, we found a significant correlation between perceived and real hip width, suggesting that the perceived/real body match only exists when body size estimation takes place in a practical context, although the negative correlation indicated inaccurate estimation.
Further, participants who underestimated their body size or who had more negative attitudes towards their body weight showed a positive correlation between perceived and real body size in the own abstract condition. Finally, our results indicated that different body areas were implicated in the different conditions. These findings suggest that implicit body representations depend on situational and individual differences, which has clinical and practical implications.
The way we perceive our body has been shown to be different from what our actual body looks like, creating a mismatch between our body size/shape and the mental representations of our body (body representations)1–4. These distortions have been observed for both explicit (conscious body representations that are thought to be primarily constructed through visual perception of the body and cognitive-affective factors) and implicit (unconscious body representations that arise through somatosensation such as the sense of position5 and tactile perception6, proprioception, and interoception) body representations7–9. Furthermore, both explicit and implicit distorted self-body representations have been linked to general well-being, as well as clinical disorders such as body dysmorphia disorder and anorexia nervosa10–14.
A separate distinction that has been used to refer to bodily self-representations is the difference between online and offline body representations. Thus far, research has largely focused on online body representations15,16, defined as representations that are updated in real-time through continuous multisensory integration17,18, a process associated with activation in posterior parietal and premotor regions19–23. However, far less focus has been directed at the study of offline self-body representations, defined as abstract models of our body stored in memory that guarantee the spatial coherence of the body18, even though they have been shown to be important for our long-term body representations24,25 and are thought to code for more permanent aspects of the body such as its appearance and its motor repertoire18. Contrary to online body representations, representing what the body is ‘currently like’, these offline representations represent what the body is ‘usually like’ by storing long- term information about size, shape, etc.17.
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Introduction
45-41 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Literature Support 91-84 points The background and significance of the problem and a clear statement of the research purpose is provided. The search history is mentioned. |
Methodology 58-53 points Content is well-organized with headings for each slide and bulleted lists to group related material as needed. Use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. to enhance readability and presentation content is excellent. Length requirements of 10 slides/pages or less is met. |
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Average Score 50-85% |
40-38 points More depth/detail for the background and significance is needed, or the research detail is not clear. No search history information is provided. |
83-76 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is little integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are included. Summary of information presented is included. Conclusion may not contain a biblical integration. |
52-49 points Content is somewhat organized, but no structure is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects, etc. is occasionally detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met. |
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Poor Quality 0-45% |
37-1 points The background and/or significance are missing. No search history information is provided. |
75-1 points Review of relevant theoretical literature is evident, but there is no integration of studies into concepts related to problem. Review is partially focused and organized. Supporting and opposing research are not included in the summary of information presented. Conclusion does not contain a biblical integration. |
48-1 points There is no clear or logical organizational structure. No logical sequence is apparent. The use of font, color, graphics, effects etc. is often detracting to the presentation content. Length requirements may not be met |
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Relationship Between Implicit Body Representations and Real Body Measurements |
Relationship Between Implicit Body Representations and Real Body Measurements