What is DNS (Domain Name System)
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What is DNS (Domain Name System)
The Domain Name System, or DNS, is a hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names, such as www.example.com, into machine-readable IP addresses, such as 192.0.2.1. This system is essential for the functioning of the Internet, as it allows users to access websites and other resources using easy-to-remember names, rather than having to remember long strings of numbers.
DNS works by using a distributed database of domain names and IP addresses that is maintained by a network of servers around the world. When a user types a domain name into their web browser, the browser sends a request to a DNS resolver, which is a server that is configured to handle DNS queries. The resolver then looks up the IP address associated with the domain name by querying a series of DNS servers, starting with the root servers and working its way down the hierarchical tree of domain names.
The DNS system is hierarchical, with the root servers at the top of the hierarchy. There are currently 13 root servers located around the world, each of which is operated by a different organization. These servers contain information about the top-level domains (TLDs) such as .com, .org, and .net, as well as the servers that are responsible for the individual domain names within each TLD.
Below the root servers are the TLD servers, which are responsible for maintaining information about the individual domain names within each TLD. For example, the .com TLD server would contain information about the domain names ending in .com, such as example.com and google.com. Each TLD server is responsible for delegating authority for specific domain names to the servers that are responsible for those names.
Finally, at the bottom of the hierarchy are the authoritative name servers, which are responsible for maintaining information about individual domain names. These servers are typically operated by the organizations that own the domain names, such as Google or Facebook. When a DNS resolver queries an authoritative name server, it receives the IP address associated with the requested domain name, which it can then use to connect to the website or other resource.
DNS is a critical component of the Internet infrastructure, as it allows users to access websites and other resources using easy-to-remember domain names, rather than having to remember long strings of numbers. It is also essential for the functioning of many other Internet services, such as email and instant messaging. Without DNS, the Internet would be much more difficult to use and navigate, and many of the services that we take for granted today would not be possible
What is DNS (Domain Name System)
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